经典红线「荷比德法」9天8晚游Classical Red Line - seven-days Europe Loop Tour

The Champs-Elysees is the most famous street in Paris. It is 1,800 meters long and about 120 meters wide at its widest point. It is a two-way eight-lane street that starts from the Place de la Concorde in the east and ends at the Place Charles de Gaulle in the west. It is a symbol of the beauty and romance of Paris. The Place des Dots divides it into two parts. The eastern section is dominated by natural scenery, with flat lawns on both sides of the street, which is very quiet and peaceful. The western section is a commercial area, which brings together many famous shops, giving people a sense of elegance and luxury.

The Place de la Concorde is the most famous square in France and one of the most beautiful squares in the world. During the French Revolution, Louis XVI and Queen Marie were executed here. The square was renamed several times and was finally renamed the Place de la Concorde. The square is surrounded by a moat and is octagonal in shape. To the south is the Seine-Marne River, and the Concorde Bridge on the river connects to the Bourbon Palace, the seat of the French National Assembly on the left bank. To the east, between the Louvre and the Tuileries Garden, which was once the French royal palace and was burned down by the Paris Commune in 1871. To the west of the square is the eastern starting point of the Champs-Elysées, which leads directly to the Place Charles de Gaulle where the Arc de Triomphe is located. To the north of the square are two buildings of the same style, the French Navy Ministry to the east and the Crillon Hotel to the west, with the Royal Road sandwiched in between, leading to the Madeleine Church to the north.

The Arc de Triomphe is one of the four representative buildings in Paris (the Eiffel Tower, the Arc de Triomphe, the Louvre and Notre Dame de Paris), and is also the largest round arch on the Champs Elysees. It was built to commemorate Napoleon's victory in the Battle of Austerlitz in 1806. The 12 streets in the city of Paris are centered on the Arc de Triomphe and extend in all directions, which is magnificent. The building uses giant sculptures as the main components of the facade. The four groups of huge sculptures on the facade with the themes of "uprising", "victory", "anti-war" and "peace" were created by three French classical romantic sculpture masters at the time, which have great artistic impact.

It is a symbol of old Paris. Standing on the banks of the Seine, in the heart of the city, its status and historical value are unparalleled; it is one of the most magnificent buildings in history. The famous French writer Victor Hugo gave the most poetic description of Notre Dame in his novel *The Hunchback of Notre Dame*, making it even more alluring.

The Palace of Versailles, located southwest of Paris, was the palace of the French feudal emperors. It was first built in the 16th century and has been expanded many times to its current size. The Palace of Versailles is famous for its luxurious and imaginative architectural design. Later, it became the object of imitation for the royal palaces of various European countries. It is a brilliant pearl in the treasure house of human art. The appearance of the Palace of Versailles is magnificent and spectacular, and the interior furnishings and decorations are even more artistic. It is magnificent and luxurious everywhere. It was listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 1979.

The tomb chamber is about 4 meters long and over 2 meters wide. It is made of red quartzite and placed on a green granite base. On the ground, the name of Napoleon's victory battle is engraved on a mosaic. There are five coffins in the tomb: the first is a tin coffin, the second is a peach blossom wood coffin, the next two are lead coffins, and the fifth is a ebony coffin. The latter is engraved with the name Napoleon. Twelve white marble female statues (known as the "Goddess of Victory") guard this tomb. The circular gallery is decorated with ten marble bas reliefs (surface sculptures) to celebrate Napoleon's rule and the emperor's civil actions.

Standing on the south bank of the Seine-Marne River in Paris, France, the Champ de Mars is a world-famous building, a symbol of French culture, and a landmark of Paris. It is affectionately called the "Iron Lady" by the French. The tower was originally built to welcome the World Expo and commemorate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution.

Montparnasse is the tallest building in Paris after the Eiffel Tower. Climbing up is the best way to see the city of Paris. When the weather is clear, you can see the city scenery 40 kilometers away from the observation deck. The 56th floor and the panoramic open-air observation deck are all open to tourists.

The Louvre was built in 1204. After several expansions, the castle was converted into a museum after the French Revolution. It is one of the three largest museums in the world, along with the British Museum in London and the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Today, the Louvre Museum has a collection of 400,000 pieces, spanning more than 1,500 years. Treasures of civilizations such as ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and ancient Egypt are beautifully displayed here. It can be said to be a mysterious palace of treasures. Appreciate the dazzling array of world art treasures, as well as the "Mona Lisa", "Venus" and "Winged Victory" statues, which are known as the "Three Treasures of the Louvre".

The "Monument to the Fallen Soldiers" in Constitution Square was completed in 1923. It was built to commemorate the 3,000 Luxembourg soldiers who died in World War I and was rebuilt after being destroyed in World War II, so it has a dual meaning. The monument is 12 meters high and is a square obelisk. On top of the monument stands the statue of the goddess of victory, which was created by local artist Claus. At the two corners of Constitution Square are the underground entrances of the Betelius Battery and the Beck Battery, and opposite them is the Church of Our Lady. Looking from the square to the other side, you can see the Adolf Bridge and many beautiful buildings. It is an excellent place to view the Grand Canyon, the Adolf Bridge, and the castle.

St. Paul's Church is a church in Frankfurt, Germany, and an important political symbol of the country. It is an oval-shaped Protestant church, built in 1789 and completed in 1833. Located near Römerberg, it served as the seat of the Frankfurt National Assembly during the Prussian era, earning it the nickname the “Paulskirche Parliament” and making it a significant political symbol of Germany.

Beethoven's former residence is located at No. 20 Bonn Lane in the north of Bonn. It is a two-story pink house that is very inconspicuous. Beethoven's parents moved here in 1767, and Beethoven was born here three years later. In 1889, it was converted into a former residence museum, which is the largest collection of Beethoven's life in the world today. Beethoven's former residence has 12 exhibition halls, and the exhibits in the exhibition halls are cultural relics carefully selected from more than 150 original documentary materials: such as portraits of Beethoven in various periods, paintings of his relatives, teachers, friends and his living environment, manuscripts of his works, and musical instruments he used. Beethoven's life is told in chronological order. Among them, the scores of Symphony No. 6 "Pastoral" and Piano Sonata "Moonlight" are treasures that cannot be missed for classical music fans.

Located in the heart of Cologne, on the banks of the Rhine, Cologne Cathedral is a landmark landmark. Its 157-meter - tall bell tower makes it the second tallest church in Germany and the third tallest in the world, as well as the third - largest Gothic cathedral in the world. Recognized for its exceptional integration of all medieval Gothic architectural and decorative elements, the cathedral has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Formed from its foundations to its present-day sprawl, the cathedral, like a forest of stalagmites, embodies the spirit of the German nation in a way that no other building can match.

The University of Bonn, full name Rhein-Friedrich-Wilhelm-Bonn University, is located in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is a first-class German and world-renowned institution of higher learning, one of the top 100 universities in the world, a member of the German elite university, the U15 University Alliance, and Europaeum. As one of the largest comprehensive universities in Germany, its predecessor was the Cologne State Academy founded in 1777.

The Windmill Village is an inhabited, open reserve and museum located 15 kilometers north of Amsterdam. The old buildings vividly depict the Dutch life in the 17th and 18th centuries. Real houses, old shipyards, wooden shoe making performances, and windmills attract thousands of tourists every year. The Zaan area may be the first industrial area in the world. 250 years ago, more than 800 windmills stood on this small piece of land. They undertook various industrial tasks. Among the five windmills, three are open to tourists. Boating on the Zaan River allows you to appreciate these beautiful windmills from another perspective. The museum in the windmill village includes a wooden shoe factory, a bakery, a cheese and dairy workshop, and a grocery store that is more than 100 years old.

Dam Square is located in the center of Amsterdam and is a landmark building in Amsterdam. There are various cafes, restaurants and bars on Dam Square. The majestic buildings around Dam Square are also worth seeing. The Royal Palace of the Netherlands located on Dam Avenue Square is a miracle in the history of architecture in the 17th century. A total of 13,568 tree stumps support the building.

The Royal Palace of Amsterdam is one of the four royal palaces in the Netherlands. It was originally a city hall and court. As the political and economic center of the city, it is also an important square in the city and a favorite subject for painters. It is still full of vitality today. The main attraction here is its architectural structure and the gorgeous decoration inside the palace. The palace with gorgeous interiors opens 17 halls, rooms and galleries for the public to visit. The exquisite interior is amazing. It retains about 2,000 pieces of royal furniture such as sofas, tapestries, chandeliers, and hanging paintings with rich meanings. After visiting the palace, you can also wander in the square in front of the palace, feed pigeons or watch street performers to enjoy the European style.

The National Monument is located on the east side of Dam Square. It was built to commemorate the soldiers who died in World War II. Every year on May 4, the citizens of Amsterdam hold a memorial event in front of the National Monument to remember the soldiers who died in World War II. The National Monument is built with white travertine and is 22 meters high. It is magnificent. The inscription "De Vrede" meaning "Peace" is engraved at the bottom of the obelisk. There are four male sculptures in different postures and locked around the bottom of the obelisk. There is a female sculpture holding a baby surrounded by doves of peace in the middle of the front. The former shows the suffering in the war, and the latter symbolizes victory and peace. The male sculptures on both sides of the obelisk represent the resistance of the working class and intellectuals to the war, depicting sadness and pain. There are lion sculptures on the left and right sides of the front of the National Monument, implying that they will protect the spire like the sphinx in front of the pyramid.

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The Manneken Pis is the symbol of Brussels, the capital of Belgium. This world-famous bronze statue of a little boy is a statue and fountain located in the pedestrian zone in the city center. This statue of a five-year-old child is not big, but it has a history of nearly 400 years.

Let’s explore the Grand Place! The Grand Place is located at the central square of Brussels. The Grand Place is one of the greatest tourist destinations and the most memorable landmark in Brussels. It is also considered one of the most beautiful squares in Europe and has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998.

The Town Hall of the City of Brussels is a Gothic building from the Middle Ages. It is located on the famous Grand Place in Brussels, Belgium, across the Brussels City Museum. Interestingly enough, it is the only remaining medieval building of the Grand Place and is even considered to be a masterpiece of civil Gothic architecture.

The Brussels Atomium is located in the Emmental City Park in the northwest suburb of Brussels. It was designed by Belgian engineer André Waterkeyn for the Brussels World Expo in 1958 and has now become a representative Belgian landmark. The Atomium adopts a cubic crystal structure of α iron magnified 165 billion times. It is composed of 9 large aluminum spheres with a diameter of 18 meters. Each sphere represents an atom, which also represents the 9 provinces of Belgium at that time. The spheres are connected by hollow steel pipes, each of which is about 29 meters long. The total weight of the 9 spheres plus the steel frame structure is 2,200 tons, and the highest sphere is 102 meters above the ground. The surface of each sphere is welded with 5,800 triangular arc-shaped aluminum sheets. Under the sunlight, this majestic building shines silver, which can be called a unique scientific work of art. Looking from the top of the sphere, there are currently 4 spheres of the Atomium open to the public, and the other spheres are used for research or rental. From the circular reception hall on the ground, you can take the lift directly to the top ball. This elevator has a speed of up to 5 meters per second, making it the fastest elevator in Europe. The top ball is for tourists to enjoy the scenery. It is surrounded by a circle of fixed tempered plexiglass windows and is equipped with multiple telescopes. From the top ball, you can see all the buildings of Brussels, near and far: Brussels City Hall, the National Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Miniature Europe and other buildings are all in sight.